Database flash cards: Novice level
41 Database terms at the Novice level, as flash cards.
Updated
Terms in this deck
- ASC
- An ORDER BY direction that sorts from lower values to higher values.
- CHECK Constraint
- A constraint requiring inserted or updated rows to satisfy a search condition.
- Column
- A named part of a table that holds values from a defined data type or domain.
- Column Alias
- A temporary output name assigned to a selected expression or column.
- Comparison Predicate
- A condition comparing values with operators such as =, <>, <, or >=.
- Constraint
- A rule the database enforces to protect valid and consistent data.
- Data Type
- A rule defining which values a column or expression may contain and which operations apply.
- Database
- An organized collection of data that software can store, retrieve, and update.
- DEFAULT Clause
- A clause providing a value when an INSERT omits the column.
- DESC
- An ORDER BY direction that sorts from higher values to lower values.
- DISTINCT
- A SELECT option that removes duplicate rows from a result.
- Domain
- A permitted set of values from which an attribute draws its data.
- Foreign Key
- Columns whose values must match a referenced unique or primary key, subject to NULL rules.
- FROM
- A query clause identifying the source tables, views, or derived tables.
- Key
- One or more attributes used to identify rows or connect related relations.
- Logical Predicate
- A condition that combines or reverses other conditions with AND, OR, or NOT.
- Many-to-Many Relationship
- A relationship where rows on both sides can relate to many rows on the other side.
- NOT NULL Constraint
- A constraint requiring a column to contain a non-NULL value.
- NULL
- A marker indicating that a value is missing or unknown, rather than zero or an empty string.
- Numeric Literal
- A number written directly in a SQL statement.
- One-to-Many Relationship
- A relationship where one parent row can relate to many child rows.
- One-to-One Relationship
- A relationship where each row can relate to at most one row on the other side.
- ORDER BY
- A clause that sorts a query result by one or more expressions.
- Primary Key
- The chosen candidate key that uniquely identifies every row and cannot contain NULL.
- Query
- A request for data or another result from a database.
- Relation
- A set of tuples sharing the same named attributes in the relational model.
- Relational Database
- A database that represents data as relations commonly presented as tables.
- Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
- Software that creates, protects, queries, and updates relational databases.
- Relationship
- A meaningful association between entities represented through keys and relations.
- Result Set
- The rows and columns produced by a query.
- Row
- One record in a table containing a value for each column.
- Schema
- The named structure defining database objects such as tables, views, and constraints.
- SELECT
- A statement or query clause that chooses expressions and columns for a result.
- Snake Case
- All letters are lower case, each word is separated by an underscore.
- SQL Statement
- A complete SQL instruction sent to a database management system.
- String Literal
- Text written between single quotation marks in SQL.
- Structured Query Language (SQL)
- The standardized language for defining, querying, and changing relational data.
- Table
- The common SQL representation of a relation, arranged in rows and columns.
- UNIQUE Constraint
- A constraint preventing duplicate values or value combinations in specified columns.
- Unique Key
- One or more columns constrained so duplicate combinations are not allowed.
- WHERE
- A query clause keeping only rows for which its condition is true.